Machine or apparatus for breaking up or pulverizing caustic soda and the like



w. BLACKE R.

MACHINE 'OR APPARATUSFOR'BREAKING UPOR PULVERIZING CAUSTIC SODA AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.4.19-I9.' 1,327,901, Patented Jan.13, 1920.

III! 6 H 1m v W.BLACKER.

MACHINE 0R APPARAIUS FOR BREAKING UP 08 PULVERIZING CAUSTIC SOD A AND THE LIKE.

' APPLICATION FILED JAN-4,1919- 1,327,901 Patented Jan. 13, 1920."

- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- WZZw WM W. BLACKER. MACHINE 0R APPARATUS FOR BREAKING UP 08 PULVERIZING CAUSTIC SODA AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 4, I919- 1,327,901, I Patented Jan. 13,1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Fl G. 4--

UNITE ST W'ILLIAIJI BLACKER, OF S'IALYBRIDGE, ENGLAND.

MACHINE on nrranarns ron BREAKING or on rULvnRIznve caus'rro sonA AND THE LIKE.

Application filed January 4, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IVILLIAM BLAGKER, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 62 Stocks Lane, Sta-lybridge, in the county of Lancaster, England, engineer, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines or Apparatus for Breaking Up or Pulverizing Caustic Soda and the like, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to a machine or apparatus primarily devised for breaking up caustic soda which has been allowed to set in drums or casings, but which machine or apparatus may be used for breaking up, crushing or pulverizing other chemical substances or such like in casings or containers.

At present, and for certain purposes, caustic soda which has been allowed to set in drums is broken up by hammers used manually and this is a slow and somewhat laborious business.

Under my invention I make use of a power actuated hammer with one or more striking heads which are each swung upon an arm or arms so as to travel through an arc and to strike the drum containing the caustic soda, said drum being carried upon a mechanical cradle which in addition to affording proper support, rotates, moves, or traverses the drum. This cradle or support is worked directly or indirectly from the hammer device, or is otherwise actuated whereby all the turning or handling of the drum when under the hammer is done automatically and mechanically, thus insuring uniformity of action of the striking hammer head or heads and relieving the laborer from any task in connection with the drum while the contents are broken up.

The construction of the machine can be greatly varied and I do not wish to restrict lyself as to a precise combination of parts. For the purpose of indicating more fully the nature of my invention I have attached drawings hereto which illustrate a simple construction of apparatus for my purpose.

In the said drawings,

Figure 1 shows an elevation of a machine or apparatus for my purpose, certain details being omitted from the figure.

Fig. 2 is a plan View of Fig. l with certain omissions.

Fig. 3 is a front View of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4: is an elevation of the machine or Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan, .13, 1920,

Seria11 To. 289,584.

apparatus from the opposite end to what is seen in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a detail diagram of means which may beused to control thetraversing of the hammer head.

Fig. 6 is a detail of a hand control gear for changing the direction of traverse of the hammer head.

In the construction illustrated, the machine comprises side standards a a for the hammer device and a swinging arm I) with hammer head 0. I may use more than one hammer head and more than one swinging arm for a hammer head.

At present and as shown I propose to use a single swing arm 5 and the support for this may slide on two stout transverse shafts Z Z) coupled up in end leverarms 6 6 The lever arm 6 at one side has anattached pivoted rod 6 suitably guided and with surrounding springs 'b at one end of the machine, while the other lever arm 6 (conveniently made in two parts) has a pivoted cross-head 6 Through this pivoteducrosshead b? passes a rod 6 with springs b b above and below the die. The rod 5 is pivoted to a bell-crank lever (Z fulcrumed at d" and worked by a connecting rod d from a crank pin 623, or from an eccentric on a fly wheel cl mounted on the driven shaft 6 carrying fast and loose pulleys e 6''. If it be desired to get a variation of blow the bottom joint of the connectingrod b may be shifted to one of the dotted portions indicated on the bell-crank lever d Fig. 1. To traverse the hammer head I may use a screwed shaft 9 driven alternately in reverse direction through bevel, toothed or friction gear.

For example, I may use automatically controlled traversing and reversing gear such as is illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 in the attached drawings. In such case the traversing screw 9 is actuated by bevel gears from the maindriving shaft 6. Thenut g moves the hammer head as the traversing screw 9 is rotated and also shifts the movable sleeve or bobbin 9 along the guide or stay This sleeve or bobbin 5 in its movement, first in .one directionand then in the other, encounters adjustable stops 2" 2" on the slidable rod 2' which is jointed to the lever i fulcrumed. at i on a' supporting bracket. The lever 2' has a swivel rork'o'r part which engages a groove in the connecting sleeve of two inter-connected slidable bevel wheels j j mounted on the end of the traversing screw shaft 9. One or other of such bevels j j is (by the movement of the rod 2') placed in gear with the bevel wheel 3" mouned on the shaft j and so the traversing screw 9 is driven in one direction or the other. The shaft j is shown as driven by bevel gear j from a bevel wheel on the main driving shaft 6.

In lieu of the above automatic arrangement I might shift the sleeve connecting the bevel gears j j on the traversing shaft by means of a simple hand lever i fulcrumed at 2' and worked by the attendant, and such a hand lever shifting device is shown by Fig. 6.

I in no wise limit myself as to the traversing gear or the means for moving the hammer head or heads.

The metal drum containing the caustic soda I carry on two substantial rollers Z Z (or their equivalent) which have axles Z Z running in bearings in a cast-iron support on suitably bolted down, and such rollers are rotated by spur or other gear wheels. For example I may have large toothed wheels Z Z on the axles with an intermediate toothed wheel Z One of the large toothed wheels is driven most conveniently from the hammer as by a ratchet pawl it carried on a lever arm nworked by a connecting rod n from an arm of the bell-crank lever cZ at the side of the hammer.

As a modification I may drive the supporting rollers Z Zby spur wheels and chains, as indicated in broken lines in Fig. 4:, where 0 is a spur wheel on the shaft 6 and drives a spur wheel 0 on an axle 0 The small spur wheel 0 compounded with 0 drives by a chain 0 a chain wheel 0 on one of the roller axles. The rollers in this case are also geared together through an intermediate wheel so that one derives motion from the other.

The action of the machine is very simple. When the drum is is in place on the rollers Z Z or the rotatable supports, the operator shifts the driving strap onto the fast pulley, which sets the hammer in motion, the head striking the drum successive blows, while, all the time the drum is being gradually turned thus presenting an ever new area to the hammer head whereby the contents are uniformly and quickly broken ,up.

I may provide means for regulating the are through which the hammer head moves, or means by which the rollers or the supports therefor can be adjusted in case the diameter of the drums should vary.

It is obvious that arrangements may be made to actually traverse the drum in addition to turning same and in such case it might not be necessary to traverse the hammer head and in that event the mechanical construction would vary.

Also the hammer head may be differently mounted and driven for the purpose in view, as for example same may be combined with the support and be moved in a vertical path.

I declare that what I claim is.

1. In a machine of the class described, the combination with. a frame, a swingable arm adapted to travel back and forth in said frame, and means for swinging said arm during its travel, of a rotatable drum mounted on said frame in position to be struck by said swingable arm, means for rotating said drum, and means for transmitting motion from said arm-swinging means to said drum-rotating means and comprising a bell-crank lever pivoted on said frame and having one arm thereof pivotally connected with the arm-swinging means, an arm connected with said' drum rotating means, and a pivotal connection between said arm and said bell-crank lever.

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a frame, a swingable arm adapted to travel back and forth in said frame, and means for swinging said arm during its travel, of a rotatable drum mounted on said frame in position to be struck by said swingable arm, means for intermittently rotating said drum, and including a ratchet and a rockable arm carrying a pawl adapted to engage said ratchet, and means for transmitting motion from said arm-swinging means to said drumrotating means and comprising a bell-crank lever pivoted on the frame and having one arm thereof pivotally connected with the arm-swinging means, and a pivotal connec tion between said bell-crank lever and said pawl-carrying arm.

3. In a machine of the class described, the combination with a frame, a pair of shafts mounted in said frame, one stationary and the other swingable relatively thereto, a traversing screw mounted for rotation in said frame, an arm adapted to travel on said screw and to slide on both of said shafts, and to be swung with said swingable shaft, and means for rotating said screw and swinging said swingable arm during its travel on the screw, of a rotatable drum mounted on said frame in position to be struck by said swingable arm, means for rotating said drum, and means for transmitting motion from said arm-swinging means to said drum-rotating means.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

WILLIAM BLACKER. 

